Monitoring Extractive Activity-Induced Surface Subsidence in Highland and Alpine Opencast Coal Mining Areas with Multi-Source Data

Mining developments in alpine coal mining areas result slow or rapid ground subsidence, which can lead to melting and collapse of permafrost. This paper integrated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images satellite-based SAR interferometry monitor intensive surface subsidence during reclamation. Digital Surface Model (DSM) acquired from UAV was first used evaluate the changes reclamation scheme on microtopography carried out by slope Elevation (DEM) difference (DoD). The monitoring results showed that had been reduced over 30 degrees under 15 after terrain reshaped. DoD map revealed distribution main extraction landfill areas. To further local adjustment, Permanent Scatterer Interferometry (PS-InSAR) method reveal characteristics mine site before maximum cumulative ranged −772.3 1183 mm based 21 Sentinel-1A three years. Within a year reshaping, uplift still occurred at hills pit side slopes, following nearly equal rate. experimental reshaping vegetation recovery limited impact reduction short period. Therefore, this basis, combination PS-InSAR methods be continue time series mines.